Types of gold ore beneficiation equipment and factors affecting beneficiation

Different stages of gold ore beneficiation require different gold ore beneficiation equipment. For example, crushers are needed for the crushing stage, ball mills and vibrating screens are needed for the grinding and screening stage, and depending on the gold ore beneficiation method, flotation equipment and gravity separation equipment may be needed for the beneficiation stage.

Gold Ore Beneficiation Equipment

The gold ore beneficiation process involves multiple stages, including crushing, grinding, classification, separation, and leaching. Each stage requires corresponding equipment to ensure efficient gold extraction.

• Crushing Equipment: Common types include jaw crushers, hammer crushers, and spring/hydraulic cone crushers, which are used to crush raw ore to an appropriate particle size.
• Grinding Equipment: Mainly includes ball mills, autogenous mills, rod mills, and Raymond mills, which are used to grind the ore into a fine powder to achieve the liberation of individual gold particles.
• Classification Equipment: Spiral classifiers and hydrocyclones can classify the ground ore slurry by particle size, with the fine particles proceeding to the subsequent separation process.
• Floating equipment: Mainly includes suction mechanical agitation flotation machines (SF-type flotation machines, BF-type flotation machines, XJ-type flotation machines) and air-injection mechanical agitation flotation machines (KYF-type flotation machines, XCF-type flotation machines), suitable for flotation of gold-bearing sulfide ores with strong floatability.
• Gravity separation equipment: Includes jigs, shaking tables, spiral chutes, etc. Primarily used for processing sand gold ore, coarse-grained free gold, and other types of gold ore.
• Cyanidation equipment: Includes high-efficiency, low-consumption rapid desorption electrolysis systems, dual-impeller leaching agitators, zinc powder replacement units, two-layer/three-layer washing concentrators, and carbon-separating screen adsorption and leaching systems. These are core equipment in the gold leaching and extraction process.
• Auxiliary equipment: Such as conveyors, carbon storage tanks, and air lifters, used for material transportation and system stability, ensuring smooth and efficient operation of the entire process.

Factors Affecting Mineral Processing Efficiency

The efficiency of gold ore mineral processing is influenced by a combination of factors, primarily including ore properties, process parameters, and operational management levels.

The form of gold in the ore, particle size, and distribution characteristics directly determine the difficulty of mineral processing and recovery rates, serving as the foundational factors influencing mineral processing efficiency.

Various process control parameters during mineral processing significantly impact the efficiency of gold concentration. For example, the solid-liquid ratio, pH value, and temperature of the slurry; the type and dosage of flotation reagents; and the process conditions for cyanide leaching all directly affect the efficiency of gold extraction.

The operational technical proficiency at the mineral processing site and the operational status of equipment are also critical factors in ensuring the stability and recovery rate of mineral processing. Proper management, appropriate operations, and efficient equipment operation contribute to improving overall mineral processing efficiency and gold recovery rates.